The electrostatic precipitation of the vacuum cleaner contains gas containing dust particles. When the high-voltage electric field formed between the cathode line connected to the high-voltage DC power supply and the grounded anode plate passes through, the gas is ionized due to corona discharge at the cathode.

At this time, the negatively charged gas ions, under the action of the electric field force, move toward the sun plate, and collide with the dust particles during the movement, so that the dust particles are negatively charged, and the charged dust particles are under the action of the electric field force. It also moves to the anode, and after reaching the anode, the electrons are released, and the dust particles are deposited on the anode plate, and the purified gas is discharged out of the dust filter.